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How Does ADHD Medication Work? When one neuron transmits signals to another, it utilizes neurotransmitters or chemicals. They must traverse a small gap, which is known as the synapse. Certain ADHD medications boost the effectiveness of these messages. They may help neurons release neurotransmitters faster or slow the process of reuptake (called reuptake inhibiters). Doctors place patients with ADHD with a low dose of medication and then observe their responses. They gradually increase the dosage to find the “sweet spot,” the lowest dose that produces a clear improvement in symptoms and has few adverse effects. Methylphenidate Methylphenidate is the first drug that doctors try to help ADHD children, is usually Methylphenidate. It is a way to increase the amount of dopamine and norepinephrine in children's brains which aids them in focusing and pay attention. It also reduces their impulsivity and hyperactivity. It's important to remember that methylphenidate is a controlled drug and should only be taken under the supervision of a doctor. Ritalin is the most well-known methylphenidate drug. It's available as tablets with immediate release (Ritalin, Concerta, or Quillichew ER), long-acting chewable tablets (Cotempla XR-ODT or Adhansia XR) or long-acting capsules (Adhansia PM or Jornay PM). Certain versions of this medication contain artificial sweeteners such as aspartame, which may be dangerous for people with Phenylketonuria (an inherited condition that causes severe intellectual disabilities). Make sure you inform your doctor about any food allergies that you or your child has. Researchers have discovered that methylphenidate can reduce aberrant activity, specifically in the accumbens nucleus as well as a network of brain networks involved in the process of adaptive control. This may explain why methylphenidate is considered to be one of the most effective medications for treating ADHD. Side effects of stimulants include headaches, nausea, insomnia anxiety, agitation, the tics and agitation. These are not common, but they can be serious. You should consult your physician immediately if you experience any of these symptoms. You should also tell your doctor if you or your child is suffering from allergies, an underlying heart condition or bipolar disorder, depression or other mental health problems such as glaucoma, a history of stroke or seizures or if you're taking monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) such as isocarboxazid (Marplan), linezolid (Zyvox) and methylene blue, or phenelzine (Nardil). It is essential to take methylphenidate exactly as recommended by your doctor. Amphetamines Amphetamines can speed up the transmission of messages between brain cells and aid in focusing your mind and ignore distractions. They are among the most popular drugs used to treat ADHD in adults and children. They increase the levels neurotransmitters norepinephrine and dopamine in your brain. Amphetamines are available in both short-acting (immediate-release) and intermediate or long-acting forms. They can be taken orally or by injection. Certain people are affected by the adverse effects of stimulant medication like restlessness or trouble sleeping, or increased heart rate and elevated blood pressure. Your doctor will monitor the symptoms and adjust the dosage to find the right one for you. Some people will require multiple prescriptions to get the desired results. Drugs that stimulate the brain affect two key neurotransmitters located in the prefrontal cortex. This is the part of the brain that regulates emotions and controls your behavior. These drugs are prescribed to treat a wide range of mental health disorders, including ADD/ADHD and other disorders like depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, narcolepsy and eating disorders. The most common kinds of stimulant drugs include methylphenidates and amphetamines. The FDA has approved dozens of brand-name stimulants for treating ADHD. They are available in various forms ranging from short-acting stimulants to longer-acting stimulants. They can be taken orally, or injectable. Amphetamines can be abused by teenagers who take them to keep awake and study for tests or by truck drivers and students who need more energy for endurance sports. Amphetamines can cause psychological and physical problems when they are misused, especially at higher doses. Non-stimulant drugs can also be effective for treating ADHD. They include atomoxetine, clonidine, and Guanfacine. They are in the same class as antidepressants and belong to the norepinephrine-dopamine reuptake inhibitors and alpha-2 adrenergic agonists classes. They are built on the same chemical that stimulants do, but they are less likely to cause the symptoms of tics in those with Tourette syndrome. Short-acting stimulants These medicines are prescribed to treat teens and children suffering from ADHD. They can be consumed by mouth or applied on the skin. They are available in patches and liquids and pills that can either be chewed or swallowed. These medications are typically only available on prescription. related web-site include methylphenidate (brand names Ritalin, Concerta, Focalin, Daytrana), and amphetamines (Adderall, Dexedrine, Vyvanse). Short-acting stimulants work fast and last for 3 to 6 hours. These medications alleviate symptoms for 70-80 percent of children and adults with ADHD. They can reduce fidgeting and interrupting, and make it easier to finish tasks. They can also improve academic performance and relationships. However, they can't address the root issues that cause ADHD. It's important to combine them with behavioral therapy. It's important to understand that ADHD medication can cause side effects. You may feel drowsy or cranky. You may also feel sleepy. These effects are usually minor, and they disappear when the medication has left your system. Your doctor might advise you to start with a small dosage and gradually increase it. They will be watching you or your child to see if there are any problems with the medication. Finding the best medication for you or your children may take some time. It is best to communicate openly with your health professional. They may suggest changes in the frequency you or your child takes the medication or even when it's required at all. They'll also be looking to determine whether you or your child suffers from any other medical or mental health issues. Intermediate stimulants The stimulants help to manage ADHD symptoms by altering the activities of key neurotransmitters in the brain. This boosts the levels of norepinephrine as well as dopamine, two chemical substances that are crucial for the pre-frontal cortical area of the brain. (Think of it as “your secretary” in the executive function part of your brain). The use of stimulants is effective for most ADHD children. Your doctor will assist you in figuring out which kind of medication and dose is right for you. You may need to test different kinds of medications before settling on the one that is most effective for you or your child. You can take immediate-release stimulants in liquid form or chewable tablets. These medications begin working quickly and last for three to four hours. Some people have a problem when the medicine wears off, a phenomenon known as the “crash effect.” This usually involves an abrupt reduction in energy levels and can cause intense hunger. Long-acting stimulants (like dexamfetamine and lisdexamfetamine) are also available. These are more complex and require prescription. They are injected into the bloodstream and become active in the red blood cell. Finding the right dosage, medication and schedule for your child or yourself can take a lot of time. Your doctor will observe your response to the medication and look for any issues such as sleep issues. If you or your child are not responding well to stimulants, your doctor will also discuss non-stimulant medication. Never stop or alter your ADHD medication without consulting with your doctor. It's also important to tell your doctor about any over-the-counter supplements or medications you're taking, as certain medications can interact with other ADHD medications. Long-acting stimulants For 70-80% of adults and children with ADHD stimulant medications work in reducing hyperactivity, interrupting behavior such as fidgeting, impulsivity and fidgeting. They also aid people to concentrate, complete tasks, and maintain relationships. They can't help with moodiness, or other troubling symptoms. They can also cause negative side effects, such as the loss of appetite, insomnia and anxiety. They may also cause stomachaches, changes in heart rhythm and high blood pressure. These medications work in stages to treat ADHD symptoms throughout the day. Most of these medications begin to work within 30 to 60 minutes, and wear off after 3 to 6 hours. They are often used in conjunction with other forms of ADHD treatment, such as behavioral therapy. Some of these long acting stimulants, like atomoxetine-ER (Intuniv) and guanfacine (Strattera) can last for a long time and even the next day. Some doctors recommend taking these in the afternoon to prevent patients from having to take additional medication during school or after school. Long-acting stimulants aren't able to increase dopamine levels to the same degree as intermediate or short-acting drugs. However, they do so significantly. Therefore, they don't trigger the same kind of rebound effects that occur with shorter-acting stimulants. Due to the possibility of negative side effects Due to the possibility of side effects, long-acting stimulants are usually prescribed as a second line treatment for adults and older teens with ADHD. They can also be used to treat certain people with ADHD if other medications haven't been effective. While medication can aid in improving concentration and self-control but it's not the only option for those with ADHD. Combined with a healthy sleeping routine and healthy eating habits, as well as other self-help strategies it's usually possible to decrease or eliminate the necessity for ADHD medication.